Why concessional capital fits the framework.
Most clean-energy infrastructure in Pacific and emerging markets fails to clear commercial-only IRR hurdles. The framework explicitly models the resilience, sovereignty, and capability-transfer dimensions that justify concessional terms — and quantifies them in the same model that produces the commercial pro forma. The result is a fundable case that meets both the impact thesis and the financial-discipline test.
Pacific island projects illustrate the pattern. Diesel displacement creates the anchor commercial case. Oversizing the renewable system above contracted load generates surplus that funds desalination, ice-making, cold-chain food export, and resilience capacity — each of which has its own value-per-kWh that the ranking model captures. The integrated chain is more valuable than the components.